1. Physical Access Controls
Physical access controls are designed to protect people, systems, data and facilities from unauthorized access or misuse. These controls can include locks, guards, access cards and other physical barriers that restrict entry into an area. Organizations must ensure these security measures are regularly tested and updated as needed. Additionally, organizations should install motion sensors, video surveillance and other devices to monitor the physical environment for any unauthorized access.
2. Logical Acces Controls
Logical access controls are designed to ensure only authorized personnel can view, modify or delete data in a system. These controls include authentication, authorization and password management policies that must be enforced across all systems in an organization’s network. Organizations should also implement two-factor authentication and biometric security measures to further protect data from unauthorized individuals.
3. Network Acces Controls
Network access controls are designed to secure data while it is stored and transferred between networks or systems. These controls include firewalls, encryption protocols, intrusion detection systems (IDS) and more that protect information as it moves through a network. Organizations should also establish strict policies for authentication and authorization to ensure only authorized personnel can access sensitive data.
4. Managed Hosting and Cloud Providers
Organizations must consider the security measures provided by managed hosting and cloud providers when assessing their overall compliance posture. These providers typically offer a range of security controls that can help organizations meet their security requirements, such as multi-factor authentication, intrusion detection systems, malware scanning, and encryption protocols. Organizations should review these services carefully to ensure they meet all federal regulations set out in the FedRAMP framework.
5. System Design Documentation
System design documentation is an important component of any wireless or networked system deployment. It helps organizations identify potential risks and plan how they will address them in order to meet all applicable compliance requirements. Organizations should keep detailed records of all system design decisions and consult their security policy documents prior to making any changes to their systems.
6. System Security Plan
System security plans are designed to help organizations identify potential risks, plan mitigation strategies and prevent unauthorized access or misuse of data. These plans must be regularly updated as new threats emerge in order to ensure the organization’s systems remain secure. Organisations must also implement policies for user authentication and authorization, as well as access control measures that restrict who can view, edit or delete data within a system.
7. Incident Response and Business Continuity Plans
Organizations must have an incident response plan in place should a security breach or other incident occur. This plan should identify roles and responsibilities for responding to an incident, as well as procedures for restoring operations and services in the event of a disaster. Additionally, organizations should design backup systems to ensure business continuity and minimize downtime in the event of a disruptive incident.
8. System Security Monitoring and Reporting
System security monitoring is essential to ensure all controls are functioning properly and data remains secure. Organizations must implement processes for regularly auditing their networks, systems and data stores in order to detect anomalies that could indicate malicious activity or unauthorized access attempts. Additionally, organizations should develop reporting protocols so they can quickly respond if any suspicious activity is detected.
9. Vulnerability Scanning and Management
Organizations must scan their networks and systems for any potential vulnerabilities that could be exploited by malicious actors. Vulnerability scanners can help organizations identify weak points in their security posture and develop strategies to mitigate them. Additionally, organizations should establish processes for patching or upgrading any vulnerable components as soon as possible in order to ensure the continued security of their networks.
10. Computer Network Defense (CND)
Computer Network Defense (CND) is the practice of protecting networks and systems from malicious actors. CND measures typically involve monitoring network traffic for suspicious activities, deploying secure configurations to reduce attack surfaces, and implementing security tools such as firewalls and intrusion detection systems. Organizations should develop a comprehensive CND strategy that outlines procedures for responding to potential threats and mitigating any security incidents.