1. Initial:
This phase of the checklist includes ensuring that the plane and all its systems are ready for flight. This includes checking that the fuel caps are secure, the engine oil levels are sufficient, and all switches, circuit breakers, and settings are in their correct positions. The pilot should also check for general cleanliness inside and outside the aircraft.
2. Exterior Summary:
This step of the checklist involves doing a complete walk-around of the aircraft to ensure that there are no external issues or conditions present. This includes looking for loose parts, inspecting tires and brakes, checking for leaks and fuel tank integrity, and ensuring that all control surfaces (ailerons, flaps, rudder) are free from obstruction.
3. Interior:
The interior inspection should include verifying the security of all seat belts and harnesses, as well as checking all instruments and avionics systems. The pilot should also check the area around the pilot's feet to make sure nothing is obstructing the pedals or controls. Additionally, it is important to check for any loose items that may become projectiles during flight.
4. Start:
The start sequence includes making sure the aircraft has been properly secured, and all switches and settings are in their correct positions. The pilot should also check to make sure any required de-icing equipment is functioning correctly, as well as ensuring that the plane's electrical system is working properly.
5. Pre-Taxi/Taxi:
Before taxiing, it is essential to double-check that all controls are free from obstruction, the brakes are functioning properly, and fuel and oil levels are sufficient for takeoff. Additionally, the pilot should verify that runway surface conditions are suitable for safe operations of the aircraft.
6. Run-up:
The run-up phase involves a series of checks and adjustments to ensure that the plane is ready for takeoff. This includes double-checking the engine instruments, ensuring that all switches are in their correct positions, and setting up the navigation systems. The pilot should also verify there is no bird activity in the vicinity of the plane.
7. Pre-takeoff:
This step requires checking the runway environment to make sure it is clear for takeoff, as well as any other aircraft or vehicles that may be present. Additionally, the pilot should check to make sure all obstacles have been cleared from the intended flight path. Other steps include verifying appropriate radio communication with air traffic control, confirming checklists have been completed, and performing a final visual inspection of the aircraft.
8. Takeoff:
The pilot should ensure that the engine instruments are all in their correct ranges, and that all switches are properly set before beginning the takeoff roll. Additionally, it is important to make sure that all passengers have been briefed and seated correctly. The pilot should also verify that the runway is clear for takeoff, as well as any other hazards or obstacles that may be present.
9. Climb:
As soon as the climb has been initiated, it is essential to check for proper control response from the aircraft's controls surfaces. This includes making sure ailerons, flaps, and rudder all respond normally when operated. Additionally, the pilot should verify that the aircraft is maintaining a steady climb rate, as well as ensuring that all passengers are comfortable and secure during the ascent.
10. Cruise:
During cruise, the pilot should constantly monitor engine instruments, fuel levels, and altitude readings to ensure that they remain within normal parameters. Additionally, all switches should be double-checked to make sure they are in their correct positions. The pilot should also check for any unexpected turbulence or weather changes that may affect safe operations of the aircraft.
11. Descent:
Before beginning descent, it is important to verify that all navigation systems are functioning properly and providing accurate guidance signals. Additionally, the pilot should set up for landing by double-checking flaps and trim settings, and ensuring that the aircraft is appropriately configured for the approach. The pilot should also scan the area around the plane for any other aircraft or obstacles that may be present.
12. Pre-landing:
The pre-landing phase involves checking that all systems are functioning correctly, as well as verifying the position and speed of the aircraft in relation to the runway. Additionally, it is important to check for any unexpected wind or weather changes that may affect operations during landing. The pilot should also double-check obstacle clearance and communication with air traffic control before beginning the final approach.
13. Landing:
On final approach, it is important to make sure that proper control responses from the aircraft's controls surfaces are being achieved. This includes confirming ailerons, flaps, and rudder all respond normally when operated. Additionally, the pilot should verify that all engines instruments remain within normal ranges and confirm there is no bird activity in the vicinity of the plane.
14. After landing:
Once the aircraft has landed, it is essential to confirm that all passengers are safe and secure. Additionally, the pilot should double-check to make sure all switches are in their correct positions and set up the navigation systems for taxiing.
15. Securing:
Once the aircraft is parked, it is important to secure all switches and shut down any unnecessary systems. Additionally, the pilot should double-check that all passengers have exited the aircraft safely and confirm that all ground crew personnel have been properly briefed. Finally, the pilot must perform a final visual inspection of the plane to verify there are no potential hazards or leaks present.
16. Close flight plan:
Once the aircraft is safely secured, the pilot should close out their flight plan with air traffic control. This includes relaying any special information or updates that may have occurred during the flight and communicating any changes that need to be made in regards to navigation systems. Additionally, all logbook entries should be written and filed correctly before concluding the post-flight checklist.